说明:
vue+d3js+fastapi实现天气柱状图折线图饼图
效果图:
step0:postman
1. 生成天气数据(POST请求):- URL: http://localhost:8000/generate-data/?year=2024&month=3&seed=42
复制代码 方法: POST- Headers:
- Content-Type: application/json
复制代码 成功响应示例:- {
- "status": "success",
- "message": "成功生成31条天气数据",
- "year": 2024,
- "month": 3
- }
复制代码 2. 查询天气数据(GET请求):- URL: http://localhost:8000/weather-data/?year=2024&month=4
复制代码 方法: GET
成功响应示例:- {
- "status": "success",
- "count": 31,
- "year": 2024,
- "month": 3,
- "data": [
- {
- "record_date": "2024-03-01",
- "temperature": 16.4,
- "humidity": 72,
- "precipitation": 0.0,
- "wind_speed": 7.2,
- "weather_condition": "Cloudy"
- },
-
- {
- "record_date": "2024-03-31",
- "temperature": 17.3,
- "humidity": 62,
- "precipitation": 3.8,
- "wind_speed": 1.4,
- "weather_condition": "Rain"
- }
- ]
- }
复制代码 step1:sql- CREATE TABLE weather_data (
- id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
- record_date DATE NOT NULL,
- temperature DECIMAL(4,1) NOT NULL, -- 格式:-99.9 到 99.9
- humidity TINYINT UNSIGNED NOT NULL, -- 范围:0-100
- precipitation DECIMAL(5,1) NOT NULL, -- 最大999.9mm
- wind_speed DECIMAL(4,1) NOT NULL, -- 最大99.9m/s
- weather_condition VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL, -- 修改列名
- INDEX (record_date)
- ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4;
- select *from weather_data;
复制代码 step2:python test
C:\Users\wangrusheng\PycharmProjects\FastAPIProject1\hello.py- import random
- from datetime import date
- from decimal import Decimal
- import calendar
- import pymysql.cursors
- import json
- # 数据库配置(根据实际情况修改)
- DB_CONFIG = {
- 'host': 'localhost',
- 'user': 'root',
- 'password': '123456',
- 'db': 'db_school',
- 'charset': 'utf8mb4',
- 'cursorclass': pymysql.cursors.DictCursor
- }
- def generate_temperature(rng, min_temp=10.0, max_temp=20.0):
- """生成温度数据(均匀分布)"""
- temp = rng.uniform(min_temp, max_temp)
- return round(temp, 1)
- def generate_humidity(rng):
- """生成湿度数据(正态分布)"""
- humidity = rng.gauss(60, 15)
- humidity = max(0, min(humidity, 100))
- return int(round(humidity))
- def generate_precipitation(rng):
- """生成降水量数据(20%概率下雨)"""
- if rng.random() < 0.2:
- amount = rng.expovariate(1 / 5.0) # 平均5mm
- amount = max(0.1, min(amount, 30.0))
- return round(amount, 1)
- return 0.0
- def generate_wind_speed(rng):
- """生成风速数据(伽马分布)"""
- speed = rng.gammavariate(2, 2)
- speed = max(0.0, min(speed, 20.0))
- return round(speed, 1)
- def get_weather_condition(temperature, precipitation, humidity, rng):
- """根据天气参数判断天气状况"""
- if precipitation > 0:
- return 'Snow' if temperature < 3.0 else 'Rain'
- if humidity >= 70:
- return 'Cloudy'
- if humidity <= 30:
- return 'Sunny'
- return rng.choice(['Partly Cloudy', 'Mostly Cloudy'])
- def generate_monthly_weather_data(year, month, rng=None):
- """生成整月天气数据"""
- if rng is None:
- rng = random.Random()
- _, num_days = calendar.monthrange(year, month)
- data = []
- for day in range(1, num_days + 1):
- record_date = date(year, month, day)
- temperature = generate_temperature(rng)
- humidity = generate_humidity(rng)
- precipitation = generate_precipitation(rng)
- wind_speed = generate_wind_speed(rng)
- condition = get_weather_condition(
- temperature, precipitation, humidity, rng
- )
- data.append({
- 'record_date': record_date,
- 'temperature': temperature,
- 'humidity': humidity,
- 'precipitation': precipitation,
- 'wind_speed': wind_speed,
- 'weather_condition': condition
- })
- return data
- def insert_weather_data(data):
- """批量插入天气数据到数据库"""
- connection = pymysql.connect(**DB_CONFIG)
- try:
- with connection.cursor() as cursor:
- sql = """
- INSERT INTO weather_data
- (record_date, temperature, humidity, precipitation, wind_speed, weather_condition)
- VALUES (%s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s)
- """
- params = [
- (
- d['record_date'],
- d['temperature'],
- d['humidity'],
- d['precipitation'],
- d['wind_speed'],
- d['weather_condition']
- )
- for d in data
- ]
- cursor.executemany(sql, params)
- connection.commit()
- return len(data)
- except Exception as e:
- connection.rollback()
- raise e
- finally:
- connection.close()
- def get_weather_data(year: int, month: int) -> list:
- """从数据库获取指定年月的天气数据并转换为JSON兼容格式"""
- connection = pymysql.connect(**DB_CONFIG)
- try:
- with connection.cursor() as cursor:
- sql = """
- SELECT record_date, temperature, humidity,
- precipitation, wind_speed, weather_condition
- FROM weather_data
- WHERE YEAR(record_date) = %s AND MONTH(record_date) = %s
- ORDER BY record_date
- """
- cursor.execute(sql, (year, month))
- results = cursor.fetchall()
- # 转换日期和数值类型
- for record in results:
- record['record_date'] = record['record_date'].isoformat()
- # 处理Decimal类型(如果存在)
- for key in ['temperature', 'precipitation', 'wind_speed']:
- if isinstance(record[key], Decimal):
- record[key] = float(record[key])
- return results
- finally:
- connection.close()
- if __name__ == '__main__':
- # 示例:生成并插入2024年4月的天气数据
- year = 2024
- month = 4
- # 创建带种子的随机生成器(保证结果可复现)
- rng = random.Random(42)
- try:
- # 生成模拟数据
- weather_data = generate_monthly_weather_data(year, month, rng)
- # 插入数据库
- # inserted_count = insert_weather_data(weather_data)
- # print(f"成功插入{inserted_count}条天气数据")
- # 获取并打印JSON数据
- weather_json = get_weather_data(year, month)
- print(json.dumps(weather_json, indent=2, ensure_ascii=False))
- except Exception as e:
- print(f"操作失败: {str(e)}")
复制代码 step3:python fastapi
C:\Users\wangrusheng\PycharmProjects\FastAPIProject1\main.py- from fastapi import FastAPI, HTTPException, Query
- from datetime import date
- from decimal import Decimal
- from typing import Optional
- import random
- import calendar
- import pymysql.cursors
- import json
- from fastapi.middleware.cors import CORSMiddleware
- app = FastAPI()
- # CORS配置
- app.add_middleware(
- CORSMiddleware,
- allow_origins=["*"],
- allow_credentials=True,
- allow_methods=["*"],
- allow_headers=["*"],
- )
- # 数据库配置(根据实际情况修改)
- DB_CONFIG = {
- 'host': 'localhost',
- 'user': 'root',
- 'password': '123456',
- 'db': 'db_school',
- 'charset': 'utf8mb4',
- 'cursorclass': pymysql.cursors.DictCursor
- }
- # 以下保持原有函数定义不变(generate_temperature、generate_humidity等)
- # [原有函数定义区,保持与问题中完全相同的函数实现]
- def generate_temperature(rng, min_temp=10.0, max_temp=20.0):
- """生成温度数据(均匀分布)"""
- temp = rng.uniform(min_temp, max_temp)
- return round(temp, 1)
- def generate_humidity(rng):
- """生成湿度数据(正态分布)"""
- humidity = rng.gauss(60, 15)
- humidity = max(0, min(humidity, 100))
- return int(round(humidity))
- def generate_precipitation(rng):
- """生成降水量数据(20%概率下雨)"""
- if rng.random() < 0.2:
- amount = rng.expovariate(1 / 5.0) # 平均5mm
- amount = max(0.1, min(amount, 30.0))
- return round(amount, 1)
- return 0.0
- def generate_wind_speed(rng):
- """生成风速数据(伽马分布)"""
- speed = rng.gammavariate(2, 2)
- speed = max(0.0, min(speed, 20.0))
- return round(speed, 1)
- def get_weather_condition(temperature, precipitation, humidity, rng):
- """根据天气参数判断天气状况"""
- if precipitation > 0:
- return 'Snow' if temperature < 3.0 else 'Rain'
- if humidity >= 70:
- return 'Cloudy'
- if humidity <= 30:
- return 'Sunny'
- return rng.choice(['Partly Cloudy', 'Mostly Cloudy'])
- def generate_monthly_weather_data(year, month, rng=None):
- """生成整月天气数据"""
- if rng is None:
- rng = random.Random()
- _, num_days = calendar.monthrange(year, month)
- data = []
- for day in range(1, num_days + 1):
- record_date = date(year, month, day)
- temperature = generate_temperature(rng)
- humidity = generate_humidity(rng)
- precipitation = generate_precipitation(rng)
- wind_speed = generate_wind_speed(rng)
- condition = get_weather_condition(
- temperature, precipitation, humidity, rng
- )
- data.append({
- 'record_date': record_date,
- 'temperature': temperature,
- 'humidity': humidity,
- 'precipitation': precipitation,
- 'wind_speed': wind_speed,
- 'weather_condition': condition
- })
- return data
- def insert_weather_data(data):
- """批量插入天气数据到数据库"""
- connection = pymysql.connect(**DB_CONFIG)
- try:
- with connection.cursor() as cursor:
- sql = """
- INSERT INTO weather_data
- (record_date, temperature, humidity, precipitation, wind_speed, weather_condition)
- VALUES (%s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s)
- """
- params = [
- (
- d['record_date'],
- d['temperature'],
- d['humidity'],
- d['precipitation'],
- d['wind_speed'],
- d['weather_condition']
- )
- for d in data
- ]
- cursor.executemany(sql, params)
- connection.commit()
- return len(data)
- except Exception as e:
- connection.rollback()
- raise e
- finally:
- connection.close()
- def get_weather_data(year: int, month: int) -> list:
- """从数据库获取指定年月的天气数据并转换为JSON兼容格式"""
- connection = pymysql.connect(**DB_CONFIG)
- try:
- with connection.cursor() as cursor:
- sql = """
- SELECT record_date, temperature, humidity,
- precipitation, wind_speed, weather_condition
- FROM weather_data
- WHERE YEAR(record_date) = %s AND MONTH(record_date) = %s
- ORDER BY record_date
- """
- cursor.execute(sql, (year, month))
- results = cursor.fetchall()
- # 转换日期和数值类型
- for record in results:
- record['record_date'] = record['record_date'].isoformat()
- # 处理Decimal类型(如果存在)
- for key in ['temperature', 'precipitation', 'wind_speed']:
- if isinstance(record[key], Decimal):
- record[key] = float(record[key])
- return results
- finally:
- connection.close()
- @app.post("/generate-data/")
- async def generate_weather_data(
- year: int = Query(..., ge=2000, le=2100, description="年份"),
- month: int = Query(..., ge=1, le=12, description="月份"),
- seed: Optional[int] = Query(None, description="随机种子(可选)")
- ):
- """生成并插入指定月份的天气数据"""
- try:
- rng = random.Random(seed) if seed else random.Random()
- weather_data = generate_monthly_weather_data(year, month, rng)
- inserted_count = insert_weather_data(weather_data)
- return {
- "status": "success",
- "message": f"成功生成{inserted_count}条天气数据",
- "year": year,
- "month": month
- }
- except ValueError as e:
- raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail=str(e))
- except Exception as e:
- raise HTTPException(status_code=500, detail=f"数据库操作失败: {str(e)}")
- @app.get("/weather-data/")
- async def get_weather(
- year: int = Query(..., ge=2000, le=2100, description="年份"),
- month: int = Query(..., ge=1, le=12, description="月份")
- ):
- """获取指定月份的天气数据"""
- try:
- data = get_weather_data(year, month)
- return {
- "status": "success",
- "count": len(data),
- "year": year,
- "month": month,
- "data": data
- }
- except Exception as e:
- raise HTTPException(status_code=500, detail=f"数据查询失败: {str(e)}")
- if __name__ == "__main__":
- import uvicorn
- uvicorn.run(app, host="0.0.0.0", port=8000)
复制代码 step4:vue
C:\Users\wangrusheng\PycharmProjects\untitled3\src\views\Lottery.vue- <template>
- <div>
- <div class="controls">
- <input v-model.number="year" type="number" placeholder="年份">
- <input v-model.number="month" type="number" placeholder="月份" min="1" max="12">
- <button @click="fetchData">查询</button>
- <button @click="generateData">生成数据</button>
- </div>
- <div class="charts-container">
- <div class="chart-box">
- <h3>每日温度柱状图</h3>
- <div ref="barChart" class="chart"></div>
- </div>
- <div class="chart-box">
- <h3>温度趋势折线图</h3>
- <div ref="lineChart" class="chart"></div>
- </div>
- <div class="chart-box">
- <h3>天气状况分布饼图</h3>
- <div ref="pieChart" class="chart"></div>
- </div>
- </div>
- </div>
- </template>
- <script>
- import * as d3 from 'd3';
- import axios from 'axios';
- export default {
- data() {
- return {
- weatherData: [],
- year: null,
- month: null
- };
- },
- methods: {
- async fetchData() {
- if (!this.validateInput()) return;
- try {
- const response = await axios.get('http://localhost:8000/weather-data/', {
- params: { year: this.year, month: this.month }
- });
- this.weatherData = response.data.data;
- this.redrawCharts();
- } catch (error) {
- this.handleError(error, '查询');
- }
- },
- async generateData() {
- if (!this.validateInput()) return;
- try {
- const response = await axios.post('http://localhost:8000/generate-data/', null, {
- params: { year: this.year, month: this.month, seed: 42 },
- headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/json' }
- });
- alert(`生成成功:${response.data.message}`);
- await this.fetchData();
- } catch (error) {
- this.handleError(error, '生成');
- }
- },
- validateInput() {
- if (!this.year || !this.month) {
- alert('请填写年份和月份');
- return false;
- }
- if (this.month < 1 || this.month > 12) {
- alert('月份必须为1-12');
- return false;
- }
- return true;
- },
- handleError(error, operation) {
- console.error(`${operation}失败:`, error);
- alert(`${operation}失败,请检查控制台`);
- },
- redrawCharts() {
- this.clearCharts();
- this.drawBarChart();
- this.drawLineChart();
- this.drawPieChart();
- },
- clearCharts() {
- [this.$refs.barChart, this.$refs.lineChart, this.$refs.pieChart]
- .forEach(ref => ref.innerHTML = '');
- },
- // 各图表绘制方法(保持原有实现,开头添加清除逻辑)
- // 绘制柱状图
- drawBarChart() {
- const margin = { top: 30, right: 30, bottom: 50, left: 60 };
- const width = 800 - margin.left - margin.right;
- const height = 400 - margin.top - margin.bottom;
- const svg = d3.select(this.$refs.barChart)
- .append('svg')
- .attr('width', width + margin.left + margin.right)
- .attr('height', height + margin.top + margin.bottom)
- .append('g')
- .attr('transform', `translate(${margin.left},${margin.top})`);
- // 创建比例尺
- const x = d3.scaleBand()
- .domain(this.weatherData.map(d => d.record_date))
- .range([0, width])
- .padding(0.2);
- const y = d3.scaleLinear()
- .domain([0, d3.max(this.weatherData, d => d.temperature)])
- .range([height, 0]);
- // 添加柱状
- svg.selectAll("rect")
- .data(this.weatherData)
- .join("rect")
- .attr("x", d => x(d.record_date))
- .attr("y", d => y(d.temperature))
- .attr("width", x.bandwidth())
- .attr("height", d => height - y(d.temperature))
- .attr("fill", "#4CAF50");
- // 添加坐标轴
- svg.append("g")
- .attr("transform", `translate(0,${height})`)
- .call(d3.axisBottom(x).tickValues(x.domain().filter((d,i) => !(i%5))));
- svg.append("g")
- .call(d3.axisLeft(y));
- // 添加标签
- svg.append("text")
- .attr("transform", `translate(${width/2}, ${height + 40})`)
- .style("text-anchor", "middle")
- .text("日期");
- svg.append("text")
- .attr("transform", "rotate(-90)")
- .attr("y", 0 - margin.left)
- .attr("x",0 - (height / 2))
- .attr("dy", "1em")
- .style("text-anchor", "middle")
- .text("温度(℃)");
- },
- // 绘制折线图
- drawLineChart() {
- const margin = { top: 30, right: 30, bottom: 50, left: 60 };
- const width = 800 - margin.left - margin.right;
- const height = 400 - margin.top - margin.bottom;
- const svg = d3.select(this.$refs.lineChart)
- .append('svg')
- .attr('width', width + margin.left + margin.right)
- .attr('height', height + margin.top + margin.bottom)
- .append('g')
- .attr('transform', `translate(${margin.left},${margin.top})`);
- // 创建比例尺
- const x = d3.scaleBand()
- .domain(this.weatherData.map(d => d.record_date))
- .range([0, width]);
- const y = d3.scaleLinear()
- .domain([d3.min(this.weatherData, d => d.temperature) - 2, d3.max(this.weatherData, d => d.temperature) + 2])
- .range([height, 0]);
- // 创建折线生成器
- const line = d3.line()
- .x(d => x(d.record_date) + x.bandwidth()/2)
- .y(d => y(d.temperature));
- // 绘制折线
- svg.append("path")
- .datum(this.weatherData)
- .attr("fill", "none")
- .attr("stroke", "#2196F3")
- .attr("stroke-width", 2)
- .attr("d", line);
- // 添加坐标轴
- svg.append("g")
- .attr("transform", `translate(0,${height})`)
- .call(d3.axisBottom(x).tickValues(x.domain().filter((d,i) => !(i%5))));
- svg.append("g")
- .call(d3.axisLeft(y));
- },
- // 绘制饼图
- drawPieChart() {
- const width = 400;
- const height = 400;
- const radius = Math.min(width, height) / 2;
- const svg = d3.select(this.$refs.pieChart)
- .append('svg')
- .attr('width', width)
- .attr('height', height)
- .append('g')
- .attr('transform', `translate(${width/2},${height/2})`);
- // 统计天气状况
- const data = Array.from(
- d3.rollup(this.weatherData,
- v => v.length,
- d => d.weather_condition
- ),
- ([name, value]) => ({name, value})
- );
- // 创建颜色比例尺
- const color = d3.scaleOrdinal()
- .domain(data.map(d => d.name))
- .range(d3.schemeCategory10);
- // 饼图生成器
- const pie = d3.pie()
- .value(d => d.value);
- // 弧形生成器
- const arc = d3.arc()
- .innerRadius(0)
- .outerRadius(radius);
- // 绘制扇形
- const arcs = svg.selectAll("arc")
- .data(pie(data))
- .enter()
- .append("g")
- .attr("class", "arc");
- arcs.append("path")
- .attr("d", arc)
- .attr("fill", d => color(d.data.name))
- .attr("stroke", "white")
- .style("stroke-width", "2px");
- // 添加标签
- arcs.append("text")
- .attr("transform", d => `translate(${arc.centroid(d)})`)
- .attr("text-anchor", "middle")
- .text(d => d.data.name);
- }
- }
- };
- </script>
- <style>
- .controls {
- padding: 1rem;
- display: flex;
- gap: 1rem;
- align-items: center;
- }
- .controls input {
- padding: 0.5rem;
- border: 1px solid #ddd;
- border-radius: 4px;
- width: 120px;
- }
- .controls button {
- padding: 0.5rem 1rem;
- background: #2196F3;
- color: white;
- border: none;
- border-radius: 4px;
- cursor: pointer;
- }
- .controls button:hover {
- background: #1976D2;
- }
- .charts-container {
- display: flex;
- flex-direction: column;
- gap: 2rem;
- padding: 2rem;
- }
- .chart-box {
- background: white;
- padding: 1rem;
- border-radius: 8px;
- box-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
- width: 100%;
- }
- .chart-box h3 {
- margin: 0 0 1rem;
- color: #333;
- }
- .chart {
- width: 100%;
- height: 400px;
- }
- </style>
复制代码 end
//我是分割线
step101: old vue- 下面的代码修改:1.年份 月份 改为可选,2.新增两个按钮,查询和添加3.查询和添加,需要做网络请求4.三个图表 需要垂直排列1. 生成天气数据(POST请求):URL: http://localhost:8000/generate-data/?year=2024&month=3&seed=42方法: POSTHeaders:
- Content-Type: application/json成功响应示例:{
- "status": "success",
- "message": "成功生成31条天气数据",
- "year": 2024,
- "month": 3
- }<template> <div class="charts-container"> <div class="chart-box"> <h3>每日温度柱状图</h3> <div ref="barChart" class="chart"></div> </div> <div class="chart-box"> <h3>温度趋势折线图</h3> <div ref="lineChart" class="chart"></div> </div> <div class="chart-box"> <h3>天气状况分布饼图</h3> <div ref="pieChart" class="chart"></div> </div> </div></template><script>import * as d3 from 'd3';import axios from 'axios';export default { data() { return { weatherData: [] }; }, async mounted() { try { const response = await axios.get('http://localhost:8000/weather-data/?year=2024&month=4'); this.weatherData = response.data.data; this.drawBarChart(); this.drawLineChart(); this.drawPieChart(); } catch (error) { console.error('数据获取失败:', error); } }, methods: { // 绘制柱状图 drawBarChart() { const margin = { top: 30, right: 30, bottom: 50, left: 60 }; const width = 800 - margin.left - margin.right; const height = 400 - margin.top - margin.bottom; const svg = d3.select(this.$refs.barChart) .append('svg') .attr('width', width + margin.left + margin.right) .attr('height', height + margin.top + margin.bottom) .append('g') .attr('transform', `translate(${margin.left},${margin.top})`); // 创建比例尺 const x = d3.scaleBand() .domain(this.weatherData.map(d => d.record_date)) .range([0, width]) .padding(0.2); const y = d3.scaleLinear() .domain([0, d3.max(this.weatherData, d => d.temperature)]) .range([height, 0]); // 添加柱状 svg.selectAll("rect") .data(this.weatherData) .join("rect") .attr("x", d => x(d.record_date)) .attr("y", d => y(d.temperature)) .attr("width", x.bandwidth()) .attr("height", d => height - y(d.temperature)) .attr("fill", "#4CAF50"); // 添加坐标轴 svg.append("g") .attr("transform", `translate(0,${height})`) .call(d3.axisBottom(x).tickValues(x.domain().filter((d,i) => !(i%5)))); svg.append("g") .call(d3.axisLeft(y)); // 添加标签 svg.append("text") .attr("transform", `translate(${width/2}, ${height + 40})`) .style("text-anchor", "middle") .text("日期"); svg.append("text") .attr("transform", "rotate(-90)") .attr("y", 0 - margin.left) .attr("x",0 - (height / 2)) .attr("dy", "1em") .style("text-anchor", "middle") .text("温度(℃)"); }, // 绘制折线图 drawLineChart() { const margin = { top: 30, right: 30, bottom: 50, left: 60 }; const width = 800 - margin.left - margin.right; const height = 400 - margin.top - margin.bottom; const svg = d3.select(this.$refs.lineChart) .append('svg') .attr('width', width + margin.left + margin.right) .attr('height', height + margin.top + margin.bottom) .append('g') .attr('transform', `translate(${margin.left},${margin.top})`); // 创建比例尺 const x = d3.scaleBand() .domain(this.weatherData.map(d => d.record_date)) .range([0, width]); const y = d3.scaleLinear() .domain([d3.min(this.weatherData, d => d.temperature) - 2, d3.max(this.weatherData, d => d.temperature) + 2]) .range([height, 0]); // 创建折线生成器 const line = d3.line() .x(d => x(d.record_date) + x.bandwidth()/2) .y(d => y(d.temperature)); // 绘制折线 svg.append("path") .datum(this.weatherData) .attr("fill", "none") .attr("stroke", "#2196F3") .attr("stroke-width", 2) .attr("d", line); // 添加坐标轴 svg.append("g") .attr("transform", `translate(0,${height})`) .call(d3.axisBottom(x).tickValues(x.domain().filter((d,i) => !(i%5)))); svg.append("g") .call(d3.axisLeft(y)); }, // 绘制饼图 drawPieChart() { const width = 400; const height = 400; const radius = Math.min(width, height) / 2; const svg = d3.select(this.$refs.pieChart) .append('svg') .attr('width', width) .attr('height', height) .append('g') .attr('transform', `translate(${width/2},${height/2})`); // 统计天气状况 const data = Array.from( d3.rollup(this.weatherData, v => v.length, d => d.weather_condition ), ([name, value]) => ({name, value}) ); // 创建颜色比例尺 const color = d3.scaleOrdinal() .domain(data.map(d => d.name)) .range(d3.schemeCategory10); // 饼图生成器 const pie = d3.pie() .value(d => d.value); // 弧形生成器 const arc = d3.arc() .innerRadius(0) .outerRadius(radius); // 绘制扇形 const arcs = svg.selectAll("arc") .data(pie(data)) .enter() .append("g") .attr("class", "arc"); arcs.append("path") .attr("d", arc) .attr("fill", d => color(d.data.name)) .attr("stroke", "white") .style("stroke-width", "2px"); // 添加标签 arcs.append("text") .attr("transform", d => `translate(${arc.centroid(d)})`) .attr("text-anchor", "middle") .text(d => d.data.name); } }};</script><style>.charts-container { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(400px, 1fr)); gap: 2rem; padding: 2rem;}.chart-box { background: white; padding: 1rem; border-radius: 8px; box-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);}.chart-box h3 { margin: 0 0 1rem; color: #333;}.chart { width: 100%; height: 400px;}</style>
复制代码 step102:c++ 模拟数据
C:\Users\wangrusheng\source\repos\CMakeProject1\CMakeProject1\CMakeProject1.cpp- #include <iostream>
- #include <random>
- #include <vector>
- #include <string>
- #include <iomanip>
- #include <cmath>
- struct WeatherData {
- int day;
- double temperature;
- int humidity;
- double precipitation;
- double wind_speed;
- std::string condition;
- };
- // 生成温度(可指定范围)
- double generate_temperature(std::mt19937& gen, double min_temp = 10.0, double max_temp = 20.0) {
- std::uniform_real_distribution<double> dist(min_temp, max_temp);
- return std::round(dist(gen) * 10) / 10.0; // 保留1位小数
- }
- // 生成湿度(正态分布)
- int generate_humidity(std::mt19937& gen) {
- std::normal_distribution<double> dist(60.0, 15.0);
- double humidity = dist(gen);
- humidity = std::clamp(humidity, 0.0, 100.0);
- return static_cast<int>(std::round(humidity));
- }
- // 生成降水量(20%概率下雨)
- double generate_precipitation(std::mt19937& gen) {
- std::bernoulli_distribution rain_dist(0.2);
- if (rain_dist(gen)) {
- std::exponential_distribution<double> amount_dist(1.0 / 5.0); // 平均5mm
- double amount = amount_dist(gen);
- amount = std::clamp(amount, 0.1, 30.0);
- return std::round(amount * 10) / 10.0; // 保留1位小数
- }
- return 0.0;
- }
- // 生成风速(伽马分布)
- double generate_wind_speed(std::mt19937& gen) {
- std::gamma_distribution<double> dist(2.0, 2.0);
- double speed = dist(gen);
- speed = std::clamp(speed, 0.0, 20.0);
- return std::round(speed * 10) / 10.0; // 保留1位小数
- }
- // 生成天气状况
- std::string get_condition(double temp, double precip, int humidity) {
- if (precip > 0) {
- return (temp < 3.0) ? "Snow" : "Rain";
- }
- if (humidity >= 70) return "Cloudy";
- if (humidity <= 30) return "Sunny";
- // 随机选择部分多云或阴天
- static std::vector<std::string> options = { "Partly Cloudy", "Mostly Cloudy" };
- std::uniform_int_distribution<int> dist(0, 1);
- std::mt19937 temp_gen(std::random_device{}());
- return options[dist(temp_gen)];
- }
- // 生成完整月份数据
- std::vector<WeatherData> generate_april_data(std::mt19937& gen) {
- std::vector<WeatherData> data;
- for (int day = 1; day <= 30; ++day) {
- WeatherData wd;
- wd.day = day;
- wd.temperature = generate_temperature(gen);
- wd.humidity = generate_humidity(gen);
- wd.precipitation = generate_precipitation(gen);
- wd.wind_speed = generate_wind_speed(gen);
- wd.condition = get_condition(wd.temperature, wd.precipitation, wd.humidity);
- data.push_back(wd);
- }
- return data;
- }
- int main() {
- // 初始化随机数生成器
- std::random_device rd;
- std::mt19937 gen(rd());
- // 生成数据
- auto weather_data = generate_april_data(gen);
- // 输出CSV格式
- std::cout << "Day,Temperature,Humidity,Precipitation,Wind Speed,Condition\n";
- for (const auto& wd : weather_data) {
- std::cout << wd.day << ","
- << std::fixed << std::setprecision(1) << wd.temperature << "°C,"
- << wd.humidity << "%,"
- << wd.precipitation << "mm,"
- << wd.wind_speed << "m/s,"
- << wd.condition << "\n";
- }
- return 0;
- }
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